DEVELOPMENT OF ADAPTATION OPPORTUNITIES OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED CHILDREN IN WAR CONDITIONS: NATIONWIDE EXPERIENCE

Abstract

The article substantiates the relevance of the problem of development of adaptation opportunities of internally displaced children in war conditions in Ukraine. It is noted that children from occupied, de-occupied territories and war zones, who became internally displaced persons, felt the traumatic impact of the war especially acutely. The theoretical analysis of the understanding of the essence and content of adaptation has been carried out. It is determined that personal adaptation involves both psychological and social adaptation to new living conditions. The main types of adaptation such as psychological adaptation and social adaptation have been outlined. Characteristic features of active and passive forms of social adaptation of the individual have been revealed. The external and internal conditions of adaptation have been considered.
It is established that active adaptation to new conditions is important in the process of adaptation, which leads to positive results of a person’s life in the social environment. It is found that the development of adaptation opportunities of internally displaced children depends both on objective and social factors - the new place of residence (city or village, separate housing or shelter, gym, etc.), the system of requirements, values and norms in the new education institution, as well as on socio-psychological and psychological factors (type of temperament, character traits, etc.). It is found out that for the successful adaptation of internally displaced children to the socio-cultural environment of the host territorial community, it is necessary to combine the efforts of parents, teachers and the community. This will help a child to strengthen or show necessary personality reserves for a better adaptation process. It is found that the social institutions of the host territorial community to support children from internally displaced families should implement such functions as socio-economic, socio-cultural and socio-psychological. The main directions and forms of implementation of the above-mentioned functions have been outlined.