PECULIARITIES OF THE FORMATION OF MEDIA EDUCATION AT PRESCHOOL INSTITUTIONS OF UKRAINE (60–70S OF THE XXTH CENTURY)

Abstract

Peculiarities of the formation of media education at preschool institutions of Ukraine in the 60–70s of the XXth century have been clarified in the article. Media education at that time existed as education about educational (primarily technical) means and their use at preschooleducational institutions. The classification of means of education substantiated in the studied period have been reflected: screen (visual), sound (audio), sound-screen (audiovisual); technical means of programmed training and control of knowledge. Functions of technical means in educational process have been revealed.
There are the following peculiarities of the formation of media education at preschool institutions: conducting research on the use of means of educational processes, popularization the results of these scientific investigations; creating special rooms of technical means and pedagogical literature; combination of several technical means to achieve the planned results, while maintaining the leading role of the kindergarten teacher; participation in the technical means creating; children’s creation of fairy tales, stories (this process is now interpreted as storytelling), the use of Ukrainian folk art as a means for the development of preschoolers, education of love for the printed word, for reading literature; formation of pedagogical workers’skill (seminars, conferences) concerning complex use of technical means; focusing on compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements when using technical means.
The following phenomena negatively affected the formation of media education: the achievement of propaganda goals through manipulative methods using works of an ideological nature; numerous use of Russian-language publications for the so-called international education; differentiation of educational means into meaningful, highly artistic, ideological and entertaining, low-cost; analysis of works only in the context of identifying good and evil heroes, the lack of differentiation into truth and untruth.
The ideas that deserve to be implemented in the modern educational space have been identified: conducting research on solving current problems of media education; taking into account the age characteristics of preschoolers; reading printed periodicals, composing fairy tales and stories, using Ukrainian decorative and applied arts as a means of patriotic and aesthetic education, creating new media and developing creative media products. Emphasis has been placed on avoiding the mistakes of the past: ideologizing the media to exert educational influences on children.