EDUCATIONAL CONSTANTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE UKRAINIAN LITERARY FAIRY TALE IN TRANSCARPATHIA IN THE 20-30S OF THE 20TH CENTURY

Abstract

The article describes the educational constants of the development of the Ukrainian literary fairy tale in Transcarpathia in the 20s and 30s of the 20th century as universal national-patriotic and moral ideas, guidelines, values which were and remain relevant during the studied and modern periods of Ukraine’s development.
It is shown the contribution to the development of the literary fairy tale of the most famous writer of Transcarpathia, V. Grendzha-Donskyi ("Prince Ohen", "The little ones", "Tale of Bosorka Witch", " Adventures of Burmylka Bear ", "Puss in Boots", "Adventures of Naughty Mykhas", etc.), which were written in the Ukrainian literary language with an admixture of the local dialect and reprinted in many children’s magazines and educational publications.
It is characterized the ideological and content uniqueness and didactic focus of the collection "Tales of Transcarpathia" by B. Martynovych.
The significant contribution to the development of the Ukrainian literary fairy tale in Transcarpathia by the famous Galician writer V. Pachovskyi ("Treasure of the Russian Land", "Silver Bell", "Golden Tack", "About Prince Koriiatovych and Yellow Snake Veremii", "Three Kings", etc.) is represented. These works were created with pupils’ involvement in the collection of folklore and had a clear national-patriotic focus.
It is found that the folklore and historical heritage of Transcarpathia inspired the development of the literary fairy tale genre by Mariika Pidhirianka, a woman from Galicia. This was manifested in such written works as "Grandmother’s Tale", "In a Stranger’s Feather" and others, which are classified as Ukrainian classic children’s literature. The poetic work "The Tale of the Goldfish" by K. Vahylevych, little known in pedagogical science and literary studies, reflects the fundamental difference between the Ukrainian mentality and the Russian one and extols the cult of work as the greatest human value.