ORTHOGRAPHIC SUB-COMPETENCE AS A COMPONENT OF PUPILS’ SPELLING COMPETENCE

Abstract

The article emphasises the importance of forming a highly cultured language personality of a modern pupil who has mastered the Ukrainian language school course at a high level and has developed language and speech competence. The main role of spelling competence is clarified, which is defined as the level of mastery of spelling rules and their implementation in the practical plane. It is highlighted that its formation is carried out in accordance with the concentric principle, which involves: mastering orthographic norms and rules, their application in written communication, the ability to shape oral speech intonation based on perfect knowledge of the rules for using punctuation marks. It is determined that the components of punctuation competence are orthographic and punctuation sub-competence. The orthogram is analyzed as a basic concept of orthographic sub-competence. Such principles of orthography as phonemic, morphological and traditional (historical) are considered in the article. The main orthographic concepts are characterized: a) concepts learned by students; b) concepts on which the teacher relies and terms (orthogram, orthographic literacy, orthographic vigilance, orthographic rule and orthographic skill). It is stated that the main methodical principles of teaching orthography are: reliance on the sound-letter composition of the word; reliance on the morpheme composition of the word; connection of spelling classes with the development of speech; reliance on grammar. Attention is paid to the main types of orthographic exercises (exercises on the articulation of sounds; exercises for perceiving the text aurally/visually; exercises on complicated or uncomplicated writing down; dictations; exercises on the speech development (retellings; works); writing down a memorized text; working with an orthographic dictionary; orthographic parsing and types of dictation, with the help of which pupils’ orthographic sub-competence is formed in Ukrainian language lessons.