REFLECTION OF EDUCATIONAL SUPERVISORY INSTITUTIONS’ ACTIVITIES OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE POST-SOVIET HISTORICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL RESEARCHES

Abstract

The article reviews the works of scholars, which cover the functioning of educational institutions in the Ukrainian provinces of the Russian Empire of the XIX – early XX centuries, which supervisory the activities of educational institutions of different types and different subordination. In particular, the activities of trustees and district inspectors of educational districts, principals and inspectors of public schools of provinces, provincial and county school councils, eparchial and county school councils, provincial and county observers of church-parish schools.
It is established that the historical and pedagogical research that has appeared in recent decades has not thoroughly considered the experience of supervisory activities of educational institutions operating in the Ukrainian provinces of the Russian Empire during the XIX – early XX centuries.
In the works that in one way or another touch on certain aspects of their activities, the activities of the institute of inspectors of public schools are mainly considered. There is an ambiguous reflection of the role of inspectors in the educational processes of the study period. Some researchers believe that principals and inspectors of public schools performed exclusively police functions in education. This position was characteristic of Soviet researchers of the history of education. At the same time, among the scholars, there are those who, although emphasizing the performance of security functions by inspectors, still draw attention to the fact that inspectors were mostly experienced teachers and, in their practice, cared about the development of education in their region and contributed work of teachers.
Also, during the study were found many works that characterize the organizational and pedagogical activities of the institute of trustees of educational districts. Even though the trustees had enough power to exercise supervisory powers, scholars in their work do not pay attention to this aspect.
There are almost no works in domestic historical and pedagogical studios that consider the experience of supervisory activities of observers of church-parish schools and diocesan school councils and their county branches.